Chamberlin without differentiation: Soft capacity constrained price competition with free entry

We show that the long-term properties of price and cost in Chamberlin's monopolistic competition model can be reproduced with a soft capacity constrained price competition oligopoly model for a homogeneous good with free entry.     

水土资源约束下区域农业供给侧结构优化——以河北省为例

在水土资源约束背景下,如何通过农业供给侧结构优化协调区域水土资源分布与农业生产的关系是当前农业问题的重中之重。借助比较优势理论和农业系统理论,构建水土资源约束下区域农业供给侧结构优化模型,并以河北省为研究对象进行实证分析,选用多目标优化粒子群算法对模型进行求解,以实现区域农业经济高效、可持续发展。     

大股东股权质押、非效率投资与企业风险承担——基于中国A股上市公司的证据

选取2009-2019年中国A股上市公司年度数据,构建面板回归模型对大股东股权质押对企业风险承担的影响及其作用机制进行了实证分析.研究表明:(1)大股东股权质押对企业风险承担具有促进作用.相对于民营企业与低市场化进程地区企业,大股东股权质押对国有企业与高市场化进程地区企业风险承担的促进力度更大.(2)大股东股权质押容易引发企业过度投资而加剧非效率投资,由此加大企业风险承担,"大股东股权质押-非效率投资-企业风险承担"的传导渠道有效.(3)股权制衡对大股东股权质押与企业风险承担关系具有负向调节作用,股权制衡度提高会减弱大股东股权质押对企业风险承担的促进作用.(4)信贷约束对大股东股权质押与企业风险承担关系具有正向调节作用,信贷约束度提高会加剧大股东股权质押对企业风险承担的促进作用.该成果将为防控中国实体企业运营风险及实现中国经济高质量发展提供重要的理论指导与决策参考.     

The Role of Money in Monetary Policy at the Lower Bound

In light of the current low-interest-rate environment, we reconsider the merits of strict money growth targeting (MGT) relative to conventional inflation targeting (IT) and to price level targeting (PLT). We evaluate these policies in terms of social welfare through the lens of a New Keynesian model and accounting for a zero lower bound (ZLB) constraint on the nominal interest rate. Although MGT makes monetary policy vulnerable to money demand shocks, MGT contributes to achieving price level stationarity and significantly reduces the incidence and severity of the ZLB relative to both IT and PLT. Furthermore, MGT lessens the need for fiscal expansions to supplement monetary policy in fighting recessions.     

Energy transition under mineral constraints and recycling: A low-carbon supply peak

What are the implications of primary mineral constraints for the energy transition? Low-carbon energy production uses green capital, which requires primary minerals. We build on the seminal framework for the transition from a dirty to a clean energy in Golosov et al. (2014) to incorporate the role played by primary minerals and their potential recycling. We characterize the optimal paths of the energy transition under various mineral constraint scenarios. Mineral constraints limit the development of green energy in the long run: Low-carbon energy production eventually reaches a plateau. We run our simulations using copper as the limiting mineral and we allow for its full recycling. Even in the limiting case of a 100% recycling rate, after five to six decades green energy production is 50% lower than in the scenario with unlimited primary copper, and after 30 decades, GDP is 3–8% lower. In extension scenarios, we confirm that a longer life duration of green capital delays copper extraction and the green energy peak, whereas reduced recycling caps moves the peak in green energy production forward.     

“丝绸之路经济带”对“世界水谷”建设的战略需求

以"丝绸之路经济带"建设所包含的重点区域——我国西北地区、中亚地区为主要研究对象,通过分析该区域水问题,提出以"世界水谷"模式破解"丝绸之路经济带"的水问题,并给出树立以解决水问题为核心的协同创新发展理念,制定和实施科学合理的创新计划;建立和完善"世界水谷"协同创新的发展环境;深化产学研合作机制,提高科研成果的市场转化率;加强水文化建设等相关政策建议。     

绿色信贷政策能够抑制企业的风险承担吗？

绿色信贷是桥接金融信用与环保的关键纽带和资源配置的重要抓手。基于2012年银监会颁布《绿色信贷指引》的外生冲击，使用双重差分(DID)探讨绿色信贷政策对企业风险承担的影响。首先，基准回归表明绿色信贷抑制了绿色信贷限制企业的风险承担水平，但政策影响的时滞性和企业的策略性应对使得政策颁布两年后抑制作用才不断增强。其次，融资约束和投资惩罚的中介机制表明，融资约束和投资支出在绿色信贷政策与企业风险承担之间存在遮掩效应，进一步抑制了企业风险承担水平。最后，信息效应和环境规制倒逼效应的调节机制表明绿色信贷政策影响存在非对称性。     

社会资本参与水利项目的补偿机制研究

社会资本参与水利项目有助于解决资金难题、提高管理效率。针对水利项目经济收益较低等问题,提出政府必须通过提高收益分享比例、延长特许经营期限、信贷优惠、税收优惠、价格补贴、费用补贴、项目捆绑、资源补偿等方式对参与水利项目的社会资本进行利益补偿,政府在选择利益补偿机制时必须考虑水利项目类型、社会资本参与方式等因素的影响。